The idea that mass that is moved at the speed of light or faster becomes energy?

Question

The idea that mass that is moved at the speed of light or faster becomes energy?

Answer 1

Not to argue with your note, but you sort of do need the concept explained to you if for no other reason than to give you the understanding of what that simple equation E = mc^2 means.



Einstein arrived at that relationship by considering the enrgy transfer between an electromagneitc wave and a conducting cavity the wave was trapped in. When he worked the details, he found that the transfered energy obeyed his now famous relationship. When he coupled that result with special relativity, it became clear to him that this was a statement that mass and energy were related - two sides of the same coin if you like - and that one could be converted into the other. The amount of energy you'd get by converting matter of mass m is exactly E = mc^2. It says nothing about how the conversion process is done and it certainly does not imply that you need to accelerate the mass to light speed (an impossibility under special relativity). E=mc^2 in some ways is the most fundamental statement about the conservation of mass and energy - mass and energy can neither be created or destroyed, but mass can be converted to energy and vice versa.

Answer 2

e = mc^2, where m is rest mass is only part of the total energy equation. The whole equation is this...



E^2 = e^2 + k^2; where E = Mc^2, e = mc^2, and k = Mvc and c is light speed. The k is relativistic kinetic energy, where M = m/sqrt(1 - (v/c)^2) is sometimes called relativistic mass. Rest mass m is the ordinary mass you and I are used to seeing every day.



If you let v = c, so the mass m is going light speed, the total energy equation becomes E^2 = e^2 + E^2; so that e^2 = (mc^2)^2 = 0 = E^2 - E^2. The only way that can happen since c > 0 always is for m = 0.



And that's the crux of it all. Rest mass m > 0 cannot go light speed no matter how small that mass might be. The only thing that can go light speed (v = c) is something with mass m = 0, like photons that are massless.



So going at or above light speed is impossible if there is the slightest bit of rest mass m.



As to what e = mc^2 means, it means mass and energy are equivalent, which is why we often use the term "mass-energy" because it makes no difference if we use m or e in totaling up energy in a system. And it means the energy is proportional to the rest mass with the constant of proportionality as c^2.



And that's all c^2 is... a constant of proportionality, it does not mean that m is going at any velocity, let alone c. In fact, as we see from the E^2 equation m is really the rest mass, meaning its relative velocity v = 0. And e = mc^2 remains the same no matter how fast m is going. What increases the energy level is the kinetic energy k = Mvc as m's velocity goes from v = 0 toward v ~ c.



You might call mc^2 the potential for energy because mass can be converted into all kinds of energy, including heat, light, blast, EMF, kinetic, etc. But e is that energy, not the potential for it.



One more point, e = mc^2 points out that rest mass and energy are equivalent. But it does not indicate they are the same thing. Clearly mass and energy are not the same thing. Mass, for example, is a source of gravity; energy in general is not.

Answer 3

the faster any mass needs to travel requires energy in proportion to its size. any mass that that approaches the speed of light will become infinite making the energy required to move the mass also infinite. Einstein proposed that the universe had a universal speed limit in normal space time which was light. Einstein also said that speed and gravity also warps time the best example for this is the government re-syncing the clocks on the gps satellites.

Answer 4

Matter (mass) and Energy are 2 forms of the same thing. Matter (the building) is composed of Energy (bricks).



E = Mc^2 tells us how many bricks (how much energy) it takes to build a building (matter) of a certain size (mass)





The concept of relativistic mass is falling into disuse. Einstein did not like the concept anyhow. A better concept is relativistic momentum. Anyhow, as matter approaches the speed of light the Impulse needed to add to its momentum increases to infinity====> there is insufficient energy in the universe to accelerate something with mass to light speed.



http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/relativ/relmom.html



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Answer 5

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Answer 6

When an object accelerates to relativistic speed, it acquires mass from the point of view of a non accelerating observer. Unlike the rest mass, which remains constant, this gained mass increases until, at the speed of light, it becomes infinite. This is why, with an infinite mass, it is impossible to accelerate any further as this would require infinite energy.

So, technically speaking, the energy that was invested in accelerating the object has turned into relativistic mass of the object.

Since that mass would be infinite at the speed of light, then so is the energy. And the rest mass energy (the original E=mc²) is insignificant -- no matter how large it was initially -- compared with the infinite mass/energy that is a function of how fast that object moves.

Einstein never stated that a mass moving at the speed of light would be converted to energy (why would he, given that he said that a mass simply cannot move at the speed of light in the first place?); but the fact remains that matter and energy are two aspect of essentially the same thing, so saying that is not entirely false. But technically, saying that is more confusing than helping.

Given that mass cannot move at the speed of light makes it a moot point discussing what would become of it if it would.

Answer 7

No mass made to move at the speed of light does not become energy. What you are thinking of is the idea that any object with mass would need infinite energy to reach the speed of light, which is of course impossible. The only objects that can travel at the speed of light are massless objectst that have always been traveling at the speed of light, like photons).



You are mostly correct in your understanding of E=mc^2. This just says that mass (regardless of speed, etc) is made of pure energy. This equation just tells us how much energy a given amount of mass is comprised of. It is not potential energy. It is also not total energy. That would depend on other factors. If a mass is totally annihilated (like with antimatter) the resulting energy released from this reaction will be E=mc^2.

Answer 8

The theory you're thinking of is Einstein's relativity -- but it does NOT say that "mass moved at the speed of light becomes energy."



The equation "E=mc²" (which is part of relativity theory) expresses the energy content of NON-MOVING mass. For example, a penny (about 2.5 grams) just sitting on table, not moving at all, inherently contains about 62 million kilowatt-hours of energy. EXTRACTING that energy is hard to do; but it can be done by devices like nuclear bombs and fusion reactors. Those devices DO NOT accelerate the mass to light speed. The "c" in the equation is there because "c" is a universal constant that describes the relationship between space, time, matter and energy. It also happens to equal the speed of a light beam, but that has nothing to do with the equation "E=mc²".



In fact the very same relativity theory says that if you DO accelerate matter to light speed, its energy content will not be "mc²", but instead will be infinite. (That is another way of saying that it's impossible to accelerate matter to light speed.)

Answer 9

In fact mass or any material particle cannot move with a velocity equal to or greater than that of light.



E = mc^2 only meant the when a mass m is completely converted into energy it gives an amount of energy equal to mc^2.

A mass when moving with a velocity close to that of light need not be converted into energy. At this speed the value of the mass becomes infinitely large.