How can I study the projectile motion of a body travel from air into a water ?

Question

how will the motion in water effect the equations of projectile motion in air? what should I consider in calculations of motion in water? any books are recomended?

Answer 1

Difficult. I am a Chemical Engineer. It will include the shape of the object because of the increase in friction, the density of the object vs. water, the speed of entry, currents in the water body, mass of the object an surface smoothness of the object. I would review engineering books and websites on submarines for your answers. Good luck!!!!!!!!!!

Answer 2

The projectile motion is pretty simple for air and water. All you need is the Reynolds number (density*vel*characteristic length/viscosity) and the dynamic pressure (0.5 * Density *velocty). The Reynolds number and shape (and mach number if going fast enough) will give you a coefficient(Can be found for many shapes or roughly approximated by various methods). Muliply that by the dynamic pressure and the area and you can get all of the forces real quick. Add in gravity ,then just do numerical integration and you can create a trajectory.

The interface of water to air is a hard part. The other hard part is if the object is moving too fast in the water it will cavitate( create air bubbles), and throw all of the above steps out the window.

A good book on the basics would be something like Fundamentals of Aerodynamics by Anderson. It's well written and pretty easy to read. McCormick wrote a good one called aerodynamics as well. A good book on numerical methods would probably help if you want to do it well too.

Answer 3

In authentic life, structure and density will result the variety of a projectile. that is why bullets are made up of streamlined lead and by no potential feathers!! I had to construct a projectile action launch gadget about 14 years in the past and placed it nigh on not conceivable to appropriately make certain air resistance with the components I had reachable so I created a crossbow launcher from a youthful ones toy and used a dart. you may want to crank decrease back the launcher to differnt distances to regulate the initial speed. To calibrate it I purely cheated. I set the attitude at 45deg and placed how far the dart went for each shot (dart sticks right into a timber bench extremely correct at 40 5 deg) and empirically worked out what the launch % become from the variety. (I made some nerdy waffle about a million/2kx^2 = a million/mv^2 in the write up yet I by no potential extremely solved it that way. too very like exertions and the answer might want to were incorrect besides as elastic, erm, ins't elastic) If uncertain, cheat.

Answer 4

se in air u can use the equations of motion but once it enters water its quite diff sice the friction the buoyant force the gravity the pressure changes taking into consideration all this it will mainly depent on the surface area ie nothin but shape secondly the density thirdly the weight and the material thus u shud have to take into account

1- the initial velociy(just before entering)

incase density is lesser than that of water u kno the buoyant force will be higher thus the object will return to the surface in order to find the condition of the body if it is less denser than water u will hav to caltulate the toatal pressure acted by the liquid on the body ie nothin but the buoyant force sybtract it from the original mass of the body nextly then calculate the friction acting upon the body and reduce it from the wt of the body then calculate the acceleration ofthe body and u shud be able to get what u want hope u like the answer if u hav any doubt u can talk to me at [e-mail]

Answer 5

you need to find an equation for the object hitting the surface then when under the surface you can use the same equations and add a term for water friction. I don't know any books but all equations would need to come from experiments. You will need things like water pressure and surface area, and shape of the projectile. If you want to do experimental work it might be a fun project.

Answer 6

I don't know of any books, but I believe such a study would find inconclusive results, seeing as how when the density of the medium through which the projectile is traveling changes, it would have varied affects upon the projectile based on size, shape, mass, and velocity.



But that's just my opinion :)

Answer 7

JUST CHANGE THE VELOCITY OF THE PROJECTILE BY THE TERMINAL VELOCITY ACQUIRED BY IT IN THE WATER