You slide further on ice because a surface made out of ice is generally smoother than a surface made out of straws, that results in that on ice you have less friction.
Less friction results in less force slowing you down, that means you slide further.
Example:
If you slide on straws with a force of 100 N
The force in the opposite direction of the straws is 60 N
so the force your left with is 40 N
Example:
If your slide on ice with a force of 100 N
The force in the opposite direction is 30
so the force your left with is 70 N